航海模型是船舶、航海设备、装备以及与航海有关的场景模型的总称，以舰船模型为主，也称为舰船模型。迄今为止，航海模型运动在我国开展已有半个世纪的历史。开展航海模型运动的目的是加强国际技术交流，提高竞技水平，活跃国民文化生活，宣传和普及海军、航海、造船和无线电等等科学技术知识，培养青少年的创新精神和动手技能。航海模型种类繁多，应用范围广泛。目前，该项目由体育总局、航海模型运动协会管理，以运动竞赛为主要开展方式。

　　Navigation model is a general term for ship, navigation equipment, devices, and scene models related to navigation, mainly ship models, also known as ship models. Up to now, the navigation model movement has a history of half a century in China. The purpose of conducting the Navigation Model Movement is to strengthen international technical exchanges, improve competitive levels, enliven national cultural life, promote and popularize scientific and technological knowledge such as navy, navigation, shipbuilding, and radio, and cultivate the innovative spirit and hands-on skills of young people. There are various types of navigation models with a wide range of applications. At present, the project is managed by the General Administration of Sport of China and the China Model Navigation Sports Association, and is mainly carried out through sports competitions.

　　我国正式开展的航海模型竞赛项目分为以下五大类：一、仿真模型类（项目代号C）仿真模型： 按一定比例建造的，在外形、颜色上仿照现有的或曾经有过的，或计划建造的海洋和内河交通工具，或这些交通工具的一部分的模型，以及用模型来显示码头或船坞设备，或它们的一部分。仿真模型竞赛： 裁判组对仿真模型制作的仿真度、工艺 质量、难度、准确度等进行评分 ，按分数高低排名。仿真模型竞赛共分以下六个级别：C1 级 - - 无动力船舶模型，即划桨船或帆船模型；C2 级 - - 有机械动力的船舶模型；C3 级 -- 设备模型、零部件模型和船舶剖面模型，以及与航海有关的场景模型；C4 级 -- 按 1 : 250 或更小的比例制作的 C 1 、 C2 和 C 3 级模型；C5 级 -- 装在玻璃瓶或者其他玻璃容器内的模型；C6 级 -- 塑料材质的商业套材模型；C7 级 ----- 纸板、纸质模型。二、动力艇模型类（项目代号M）?动力艇模型： 可用无线电遥控的模型，艇型为自由设计。动力艇模型竞赛： 通过遥控器操纵船模，在规定路线上，进行一次性绕标航行，对航行速度进行评比的竞赛。航行场地为一个等边三角形，边长 30 米 。不同的级别航线不同。?动力艇模型竞赛分为 F1 、 F3 、 ECO 三大组别：F1 组 -- 三角绕标模型组，根据不同动力又可分为内燃机和电动机两种共计 5 个级别：F1-V3.5 级： 汽缸工作容积不超过 3.5 毫升的水中推进器竞速项目F1-V7.5 级： 汽缸工作容积不超过 7.5 毫升的水中推进器竞速项目F1-V15 级： 汽缸工作容积不超过 15 毫升的水中推进器竞速项目F1-E 1Kg 级： 模型总重不超过 1 公斤的电动竞速项目F1-E+ 1Kg 级： 模型总重大于 1 公斤的电动竞速项目??F3 组 -- 花样绕标模型组，根据模型所使用的动力划分为以下 2 个级别：?F3-E 级：电动机动力竞速项目?F3-V 级：内燃机动力竞速项目??ECO 组 -- 在规定时间内，参赛模型共同绕标竞速航行，航行圈数多者成绩。 ECO 组共分以下两个级别：ECO-EXP 级（提） -- 1 个或多个电机动力，水中螺旋桨，模型总重量大于 1 公斤；?ECO-ST 级（标准级） -- 限用永磁铁氧体 540 、 550 、 600 型电动机、水中螺旋桨，模型总重量大于 1 公斤。ECO-TEAM 级（团体） -- 由 2-3 名 ECO 选手组成一个团队，在规定时间内，按规定航线，进行航行接力赛。

　　The officially launched navigation model competition projects in our country are divided into the following five categories: 1. Simulation model category (project code C) Simulation model: a model built in a certain proportion, imitating existing or former, or planned marine and inland transportation vehicles in appearance and color, or a part of these transportation vehicles, and using the model to display dock or shipyard equipment, or a part of them. Simulation Model Competition: The judging panel scores the simulation degree, process quality, difficulty, accuracy, etc. of the simulation model production, and ranks them according to the high or low score. The simulation model competition is divided into the following six levels: C1 level - unpowered ship model, namely paddle boat or sailboat model; C2 level - ship model with mechanical power; C3 level - equipment models, component models, ship profile models, and scene models related to navigation; C4 level - C1, C2, and C3 level models made in a ratio of 1:250 or less; C5 level - models packaged in glass bottles or other glass containers; C6 level - commercial nesting model made of plastic material; C7 grade - cardboard and paper models. 2、 Power boat model class (project code M)? Power boat model: a model that can be remotely controlled by radio, and the boat type is freely designed. Powerboat Model Competition: A competition in which a model boat is controlled by a remote control to navigate around a designated route in one go, and its speed is evaluated. The navigation site is an equilateral triangle with a side length of 30 meters. Different levels of air routes are different.? The power boat model competition is divided into three categories: F1, F3, and ECO: F1 group - triangle wrap around model group, which can be further divided into two types based on different power sources: internal combustion engine and electric motor, totaling five levels: F1-V3.5 level: underwater thruster racing projects with cylinder working volume not exceeding 3.5 milliliters F1-V7.5 level: underwater thruster racing projects with cylinder working volume not exceeding 7.5 milliliters F1-V15 level: underwater thruster racing projects with cylinder working volume not exceeding 15 milliliters F1-E 1Kg level: electric racing projects with model total weight not exceeding 1 kilogram F1-E+1Kg level: electric racing projects with model total weight greater than 1 kilogram?? F3 group - Pattern wrapping model group, divided into the following two levels based on the power used by the model:? F3-E level: Electric motor power racing project? F3-V level: Internal Combustion Engine Power Racing Project?? ECO group - Within the specified time, the participating models will race around the benchmark together, and the one with the most laps will lead in performance. The ECO group is divided into two levels: ECO-EXP level (improved level) - one or more electric motor power, underwater propeller, model total weight greater than 1 kilogram;? ECO-ST level (standard level) - restricted to permanent magnet ferrite 540, 550, 600 type electric motors, underwater propellers, with a total weight of the model greater than 1 kilogram. ECO-TEAM level (team) - A team consisting of 2-3 ECO athletes will conduct a sailing relay race according to the designated route within the specified time.

　　三、帆船模型类（项目代号 S ）帆船模型： 以风为动力，通过遥控操纵，改变风帆和船舵的角度，来控制船行驶速度和方向的模型。帆船模型竞赛： 模型按照指定航线航行，对操纵技术和航行速度进行评比。先到达终点者名次列前。竞赛航线由裁判组按照基本路线，根据风向和风力临时制定。共分为 F5-M 、 F5-10 和 F5-E 三个级别：F5- M 级 -- 船长 127.6~128.9 厘米，帆面积不超过 5161 平方厘米；F5-10 级 -- 模型建造要求为： LWL × S ／ 122903 ≤ 10（其中： LWL 为模型在淡水中的满载水线长度； S 为帆面积）F5-E 级 -- 船体总长 1 米 ，帆面积不超过 4000 平方厘米?

　　3、 Sailing model class (project code S) Sailing model: a model that is powered by wind and controlled by remote control to change the angle of the sail and rudder, in order to control the speed and direction of the ship. Sailing Model Competition: Models navigate along designated routes and compete in maneuvering techniques and sailing speed. The first one to reach the finish line ranks first. The competition route is temporarily determined by the judging panel based on the basic route, wind direction, and wind force. It is divided into three levels: F5-m, F5-10, and F5-E: F5-m level - Captain 127.6~128.9 centimeters, sail area not exceeding 5161 square centimeters; F5-10 class - Model construction requirements are: LWL × S/122903 ≤ 10 (where LWL is the length of the model's fully loaded waterline in fresh water; S is the sail area) F5-E class - The total length of the ship is 1 meter, and the sail area does not exceed 4000 square centimeters?

　　四、耐久模型类（项目代号 FSR ）耐久模型： 自由设计制作的无线电遥控模型。耐久模型竞赛： 在规定时间内，围绕指定浮标绕圈航行，对航行速度进行评比。圈数多者名次列前。耐久模型竞赛共分 FSR-V 、 FSR-O 和 FSR-H 三个组别。目前，只有 FSR-V 组被我国正式比赛项目。该组分为以下 3 个级别：FSR-V3.5 级 -- 内燃机汽缸工作容积不超过 3.5 毫升的水中螺旋桨模型；FSR-V7.5 级 -- 内燃机汽缸工作容积为大于 3.5 毫升但不超过 7.5 毫升的水中螺旋桨模型；FSR-V15 级 -- 内燃机汽缸工作容积大于 7.5 毫升但不超过 15 毫升的水中螺旋桨模型。

　　4、 Durable Model Class (Project Code FSR) Durable Model: A wireless remote control model designed and produced freely. Durability Model Competition: Within a specified time, navigate around a designated buoy in a circle and evaluate the speed of navigation. The one with more circles ranks first. The durability model competition is divided into three categories: FSR-V, FSR-O, and FSR-H. Currently, only the FSR-V group is an official competition event in China. This component is divided into the following three levels: FSR-V3.5 level - a water propeller model with a cylinder working volume of no more than 3.5 milliliters for internal combustion engines; FSR-V7.5 class - a water propeller model for internal combustion engine cylinders with a working volume greater than 3.5 milliliters but not exceeding 7.5 milliliters; FSR-V15 class - a water propeller model for internal combustion engine cylinders with a working volume greater than 7.5 milliliters but not exceeding 15 milliliters.

　　五、仿真航行模型类（项目代号 NS ）?仿真航行模型： 仿照真实船模制作，可遥控航行的模型。仿真航行模型竞赛： 既要对模型的仿真度、制造难度、工艺水平等外观进行评分，又要按照规定航线航行，对遥控操纵质量进行评分。以外观评分和航行评分之和排名。仿真航行模型竞赛共分 F2 、 F4 、 F6 、 F7 等 4 个组别：F2 组 -- 根据技术数据，按比例制造的仿真舰船模。

　　5、 Simulation navigation model class (project code NS)? Simulation navigation model: a model made by imitating a real ship model and capable of remote control navigation. Simulation Navigation Model Competition: It is necessary to score the appearance of the model in terms of simulation degree, manufacturing difficulty, and craftsmanship level, as well as to score the quality of remote control operation according to the prescribed route. Ranking based on the sum of appearance rating and navigation rating. The simulation navigation model competition is divided into four groups: F2, F4, F6, F7, etc.: F2 group - simulated ship models manufactured proportionally based on technical data.

　　F2-A 级 -- 模型总长不超 900 毫米的仿真模型?F2-B 级 - - 模型总长 900 1400 毫米的仿真模型；?F2-C 级 -- 模型总长 1400 2500 毫米的仿真模型。F4 组 -- 套材制作的模型。F4-A 级 -- 只对模型进行航行评分，对其建造不予评分；F4-B 级 - - 对航行和建造都给予评分的塑料以外套材制作的模型。

　　F2-A - A simulation model with a total length of no more than 900 millimeters? F2-B level - simulation models with a total length of 900 to 1400 millimeters;? F2-C level - a simulation model with a total length of 1400 to 2500 millimeters. F4 group - model made of nesting materials. F4-A - Only evaluate the navigation of the model and do not evaluate its construction; F4-B level - a model made of plastic outer casing that is rated for both navigation and construction.

　　F4-C 级 -- 对航行和建造都给予评分的塑料套材制作的模型。F6 组 -- 团体表演竞赛项目，表演内容自由设计，但必须与某一时代的航海惯例精确相符。按表演得分高低排名。F7 组 — 个人表演竞赛项目，表演内容自由设计，但必须与某一时代的航海惯例精确相符。按表演得分高低排名。

　　F4-C grade - a model made of plastic casing that gives ratings for both navigation and construction. F6 Group - Group Performance Competition Project, the performance content can be freely designed, but it must accurately match the maritime customs of a certain era. Ranking based on performance scores. F7 group - individual performance competition project, with freely designed performance content, but must accurately match the maritime customs of a certain era. Ranking based on performance scores.

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