水平尾翼对整架
大型航天模型来说，也是一个很重要的问题。我们有必要先搞清常规布局飞机的气动配平原理。
The horizontal tail is also a very important problem for the entire large aerospace model. It is necessary for us to understand the aerodynamic trim principle of conventional aircraft first.
形象地讲，飞机在空中的气动平衡就像一个人挑水。肩膀是飞机升力的总焦点，就是前面的水桶，水平尾翼就是后面的水桶。
Visually, the aerodynamic balance of an aircraft in the air is like a person carrying water. The shoulder is the overall focus of the aircraft's lift, the center of gravity is the bucket in front, and the horizontal tail is the bucket in rear.
升力的总焦点不随飞机迎角的变化而变化，永远固定在一个点上。，是在升力总焦点的前部，所以它起的作用是起低头力矩。
The total focus of lift does not change with the change of aircraft angle of attack, and is always fixed at a point. First of all, the center of gravity is in front of the total focus of lift, so its role is to lower the head torque.
由此可知，水平尾翼和机翼的功能恰恰相反，它是用来产生负升力的，所以它起的作用是抬头力矩，以达到飞机配平的目的。
It can be seen that the function of the horizontal tail and the wing is the opposite. It is used to generate negative lift, so its function is to lift the moment to achieve the purpose of aircraft trim.
由此可知，水平尾翼只能采用双凸对称翼型和平板翼型，不能采用有升力平凸翼型。水平尾翼的面积应为机翼面积的20-25%。
It can be seen that the horizontal tail can only use the biconvex symmetric airfoil and the flat airfoil, and cannot use the lift planoconvex airfoil. The area of the horizontal tail should be 20-25% of the wing area.
选定22%，计算后得出水平尾翼的面积为89100平方毫米。同时要注意，水平尾翼的宽度约等于0.7个机翼的弦长。
Select 22%, and the area of the horizontal tail is 89100 square mm after calculation. Also note that the width of the horizontal tail is approximately equal to the chord length of 0.7 wings.
此外还要了解好确定水平尾翼的安装位置，从机翼前缘到水平尾翼之间的距离（就是尾力臂的长度）,大致等于翼弦长的3倍。此距离短时,操纵时反应灵敏，但是俯仰不精确。此距离长时,操纵反应稍慢，但俯仰较精确。垂直尾翼、水平尾翼和尾力臂这三个要素合起来，就是“尾容量”。尾容量的大小，是说它对飞机的稳定和姿态变化贡献的大小。
In addition, it is also necessary to understand and determine the installation position of the horizontal tail. The distance from the leading edge of the wing to the horizontal tail (that is, the length of the tail arm) is approximately equal to 3 times the chord length of the wing. This distance is short, and the response is sensitive when operating, but the pitch is inaccurate. When the distance is long, the control response is slightly slow, but the pitch is more accurate. The three elements of vertical tail, horizontal tail and tail arm are combined to form "tail capacity". The size of tail capacity refers to its contribution to aircraft stability and attitude change.
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